Urticadioicais an herbaceousperennialflowering plant in the family Urticaceae. It is native to Europe, Asia, northern Africa, and western North America, and introduced elsewhere.The aim of this study was to overview therapeutic effects of Urtica dioica L. This review article was carried out by searching studies in PubMed, Medline, Web of Science, and Iran Medex databases .The initial search strategy identified about 115 references. In this study,59studies was accepted for further screening and met all our inclusion criteria [in English, full text, therapeutic effects of Urtica dioica L. and dated mainly from the year 1990 to 2016.The search terms were “Urtica dioica L”, “therapeutic properties”, “pharmacological effects”. It is commonly used for its Antioxidant properties ,Bone formation properties ,Nutrients properties Hypoalgesia , Anti-Liver damage , Testicular tissue treatment effect ,Inflammatory properties ,Protease activity ,Analgesic effect , Anti-Fungal properties ,Modulatory effect , Cardiovascular effects ,Anti-cancer effect ,Herbicidal effects , Adipogenesis effect. Urtica dioica L.is used for the treatment of various diseases. Due to its remarkable power of healing, this plant has got the place among the top ranked evidence based herbal medicines. This is also revealed that most of the therapeutic properties of this plant are due to the presence of linoleic acid which is major bioactive component of the essential oil. The present review is an effort to provide a detailed survey of the literature on scientific researches of pharmacognostical characteristics, chemical composition and pharmacological activities of this plant.